Does mouthwash alter your microbiome?

Mouthwash is a widely used oral hygiene product that aims to freshen breath, kill bacteria, and promote or al health. However, recent research from the University of Plymouth raises concerns about the potential negative effects of mouthwash on the oral microbiome. This article examines the findings of the study[1] and discusses how mouthwash can disrupt the oral microbiome and potentially damage teeth.

"An alcohol-based mouthwash just kills off your microbiome diversity." – Dr Steven Lin

Effects of Mouthwash on the Oral Microbiome

The study conducted by the University of Plymouth focused on the use of chlorhexidine mouthwash and its impact on the oral microbiome[1]. The researchers discovered that after just one week of use, chlorhexidine mouthwash led to a decrease in saliva pH, increased acidity, and a higher risk of tooth damage. These changes were attributed to a disruption of the oral microbiome, as the mouthwash reduced microbial diversity and altered the composition of certain bacteria types.

Furthermore, the study revealed that chlorhexidine mouthwash diminished nitrite synthesis, which could have implications for overall oral health. Nitrite, produced by oral bacteria, plays a role in various biological processes, including blood pressure regulation[2]. Therefore, the disruption of nitrite synthesis caused by mouthwash use may have wider consequences beyond the oral cavity.

Implications for Dental Health

The acidic environment created by mouthwash use can contribute to the demineralization of tooth enamel, increasing the risk of tooth decay and erosion. The study highlights the need for further research to fully understand the precise influence of mouthwash on the delicate balance of oral bacteria and its potential impact on dental health.

Importance of Oral Bacteria

The research emphasizes the significance of oral bacteria for overall health and wellness. Previous studies by the same research team demonstrated the role of oral bacteria in converting nitrate into nitrite, a process that contributes to the beneficial blood pressure reductions observed after exercise[2]. In fact, the use of antibacterial mouthwash after exercise was found to significantly reduce the blood-pressure lowering effect by affecting oral bacteria activity[2]. These findings suggest that oral bacteria play a vital role in regulating the body's response to exercise and may have implications for hypertension treatment in the future.

Recommendations

Despite the concerns raised by this study, it is important to note that the research does not suggest discontinuing the use of mouthwash entirely. Further research is required to fully understand the precise influence of different types of mouthwash and their ingredients on the oral microbiome. Additionally, it is essential to maintain good oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing and flossing, to minimize the risk of dental problems.

Conclusion

The recent study from the University of Plymouth highlights the potential negative effects of mouthwash on the oral microbiome. It reveals that mouthwash, particularly chlorhexidine mouthwash, can disrupt the balance of oral bacteria, leading to decreased saliva pH, increased acidity, and a higher risk of tooth damage. Further research is needed to better understand the effects of different mouthwashes on the oral microbiome and to develop recommendations for maintaining oral health while using mouthwash.

References

[1] University of Plymouth. (n.d.). How mouthwash can alter your oral microbiome and potentially damage teeth. New Atlas. Retrieved from https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/common-mouthwash-saliva-acidic-alter-oral-microbiome/

[2] University of Plymouth. (n.d.). Compelling new research details how mouthwash can reduce the beneficial effects of exercise. New Atlas. Retrieved from https://newatlas.com/medical/oral-microbiome-mouthwash-blood-pressure-bacteria-exercise/